影像型能學運算 (Morphological Operations)

影像型能學運算 (Morphological Operations):

形態學主要用於二值化後的影像，根據使用者的目的，用來凸顯影像的形狀特徵，像邊界和連通區域等，同時像細化、像素化、修剪毛刺等技術也常用於圖像的預處理和後處理，
In short: A set of operations that process images based on shapes. Morphological operations apply a structuring element to an input image and generate an output image.

The most basic morphological operations are two: Erosion and Dilation. They have a wide array of uses, i.e. :

1. Removing noise
2. Isolation of individual elements and joining disparate elements in an image.
3. Finding of intensity bumps or holes in an image

膨脹(Dilation)==> 白色區域影像變胖






侵蝕(Erosion)  ==>  白色區域影像變瘦






斷開(Opening):  先Erosion再Dilation 可以將硬幣分離

References:

1. https://slidesplayer.com/slide/11398438/
2. http://monkeycoding.com/?p=577
3. http://blog.christianperone.com/2014/06/simple-and-effective-coin-segmentation-using-python-and-opencv/